JLPT N3 grammar

1

ことkoto(must) do

2

にはni waFor the purpose of; in order to~

3

ようにyou niIn order to, so that~

4

だけdakeAs much as~

5

としてtoshiteAs~; in the role of~

6

ほどhodoDegree; extent; bounds; upper limit

7

ついtsuiAccidentally; unintentionally

8

上にue niAs well; not only… but also

9

ないとnaitoMust do; unless/if you don't~

10

ずにzuniWithout doing~

11

ためにtame niFor; in order to; for the benefit of

12

さえsaeEven; so much as; not even

13

ばかりでbakari deOnly; just (negative description)

14

じゃないjanaiMaybe; most likely; confirmation

15

くらい・ぐらいkurai / guraiApproximately; about; to the extent

16

よりもyorimoRather than~; more than~

17

なんか / なんてnanka / nanteExamples; modesty; make light of~

18

によって / によるni yotte / ni yoruBy means of; due to; because of~

19

うちにuchi niWhile; before~

20

きりkiriOnly; just; since; after

21

しばらくshibarakuFor a moment; for a while

22

まるでmaru deAs if; as though; just like

23

ところがtokoro gaEven so; however; even though~

24

についてni tsuiteConcerning; regarding; about; on

25

たってtatteEven if; even though; no matter how

26

に対してni taishiteTowards; against; regarding~

27

ふとfutoSuddenly; accidentally; unexpectedly

28

こそkosoFor sure; precisely; definitely

29

も～ば～もmo~ba~moAnd; also; as well; either/or; neither

30

あまりamariSo much… that

31

ところでtokoro deBy the way~

32

といい / たらいいto ii / tara iiIt would be nice if; should; I hope~

33

どうしてもdoushitemoNo matter what; at any cost; after all

34

というのはto iu nowaThis means~; because~; that is to say

35

気味gimi-like; -looking; -looked; tending to

36

ことは～がkoto wa~gaAlthough; but

37

ようとするyou to suruTry to; attempt to; be about to~

38

と共にto tomo niTogether with; at the same time as

39

にしてもni shite moEven if; even though; regardless of

40

向けmukeIntended for; aimed at~

41

ずつzutsuApiece; each; at a time

42

上でue deUpon; after; when; for; in order to

43

結果kekkaAs a result of; after

44

一体ittaiEmphasis; what on earth?

45

たものだta mono daUsed to do; would often do

46

つまりtsumariIn other words; in summary; in short

47

に違いないni chigai naiI’m sure/ certain; no doubt that

48

ばかりでなくbakari denakuNot only.. but also; as well as

49

さてsateConjunction: well; now; then

50

においてni oiteIn; at (place); regarding~; as for~

51

にとってni totteTo; for; concerning; regarding~

52

さえ～ばsae~baIf only; as long as

53

つもりでtsumori deWith the intention of doing~

54

かけるkakeruHalf-; not yet finished; in the middle of~

55

込むkomuMove inside; do a long time

56

なかなかnakanakaQuite~; pretty~; rather~; just not ~

57

ほど～ないhodo~naiIs not as… as

58

たてtateJust done; freshly done; newly done

59

向きmukiSuitable for~

60

ながらもnagara moBut; although; despite

61

上げるageruTo finish doing~

62

結局kekkyokuAfter all; eventually; in the end

63

合うauDo something together

64

がちgachiTend to; tendency to; frequently; often~

65

確かにtashika niSurely, certainly

66

とすればto surebaIn the case of~; assuming~; if A then B

67

がたいgataiVery difficult to; impossible to

68

ことはないkoto wa naiThere is no need to; no possibility that~

69

ば～ほどba~hodoThe more… the more

70

むしろmushiroRather; instead; better

71

ごとにgoto niEach; every; at intervals of

72

を通じて /を通してo tsuujite /o tooshiteThrough; via; throughout; by

73

すでにsude niSomething has already been done

74

さらにsara niFurthermore; again; more and more

75

際にsai niWhen; at the time of; in the case of

76

わざとwazatoOn purpose; intentionally~

77

決して～ないkesshite~naiNever; by no means

78

まさかmasakaThere's no way; that's impossible

79

っけkkeCasual suffix to confirm something

80

ついにtsui niFinally ~; at last ~; in the end

81

それともsoretomoOr; or else

82

にかけてni kaketeOver (a period); concerning; regarding~

83

といってもto ittemoAlthough I say; although one might say~

84

によると /によればni yoru to/ni yorebaAccording to~

85

ばいいba iiShould, can, it’d be good if

86

わざわざwazawazaTo go to the trouble of

87

のでしょうかno deshou kaAsk a question in a polite way

88

につれてni tsureteAs; in proportion to; with; as… then…

89

いくら～てもikura~temoNo matter how~

90

なるべくnaru bekuAs much as possible

91

的tekiChange noun into na-adjective

92

中chuu / juuCurrently; during; throughout

93

くせにkuse niAlthough~; despite the fact that~

94

たびにtabi niWhenever; every time

95

をはじめo hajimeFor example; starting with

96

にしてはni shite waFor; considering it’s

97

というよりto iu yoriRather than~

98

別に～ないbetsu ni~naiNot really, not particularly

99

途中でtochuu deOn the way; in the middle of~

100

とても～ないtotemo~naiCannot possibly be; hardly~

101

切るkiruTo do something completely to the end

102

ような気がするyou na ki ga suruHave a feeling that; feels like; seems like

103

てごらんte goran(please) try to; (please) look

104

んだってndatteI hear that; heard that~

105

ば～のにba~noniWould have; should have; if only~

106

例えばtatoebaFor example

107

ということだto iu koto daI heard; it means~; in other words~

108

そのためにsono tame niHence; for that reason; because of~

109

か何かka nani kaOr something

110

ように見えるyou ni mieruTo look; to seem; to appear~

111

に関するni kan suruAbout; regarding; related to

112

ついでにtsuide niWhile, incidentally, at the same time

113

だらけdarakeFull of; covered with; a lot of~

114

一度にichido niAll at once

115

から〜にかけてkara~ni kaketeThrough; from [A] to [B]

116

なぜならnazenaraBecause; the reason is

117

すなわちsunawachiIn other words; namely

118

っぽいppoiSeems; somewhat; -ish; easily does~;

119

ことからkoto karaFrom the fact that~

120

わけだwake daFor that reason; no wonder

121

しかないshikanaiHave no choice but~

122

通すtoosuTo do until the end; to continually do

123

と言えばto iebaSpeaking of; when you talk of~

124

に比べてni kurabeteCompared to~; in comparison to~

125

せいでsei deBecause of; due to; as a result of~

126

に反してni hanshiteAgainst; contrary to; in contrast to

127

わけではないwake dewa naiIt doesn’t mean that~

128

直すnaosuTo do something again; to do over

129

だけどdakedoHowever; but

130

とみえる / とみえてto mieru / to mieteIt seems that~

131

めったに～ないmetta ni~naiHardly; rarely; seldom

132

そうもないsou mo naiVery unlikely to~; showing no signs of~

133

ようがないyou ga naiThere is no way to; it’s impossible to~

134

ずにはいられないzuni wa irarenaiCan’t help but feel; can’t help but do

135

はもちろんwa mochironNot to mention; not only; but also~

136

つもりだったtsumori dattaI thought I~; I believe I did~

137

切れないkirenaiUnable to do; too much to finish

138

ぶりにburi niFor the first time in (period of time)

139

代わりにkawari niInstead of; in exchange for~

140

どんなに～てもdonna ni~temoNo matter how (much)

141

割にwari niConsidering; relatively; unexpectedly

142

最中にsaichuu niWhile; during; in the middle of

143

おかげでokage deThanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...

144

にしたがってni shitagatteAs; therefore; in accordance with

145

を中心にo chuushin niFocused on; centered on

146

とおりにtoori niIn the same way as; in the way; as~

147

ないことはないnai koto wa naiCan do~; is not impossible to~

148

ことになっているkoto ni natteiruTo be expected to; it has been decided~

149

もしかしたらmoshika shitaraPerhaps; maybe; perchance; by chance

150

ばよかったba yokattaShould have, would have been better if~

151

と言うとto iu toSpeaking of; when you say~

152

せいぜいseizeiAt the most; at best; to the utmost

153

たとえ～てもtatoe~temoEven if… is the case

154

べきだbeki daShould do~; must do~

155

っぱなしppanashiLeaving (something) on / still in use

156

てばかりいるte bakari iruOnly; nothing but~

157

にかわってni kawatteInstead of~; replacing~; on behalf of~

158

てはじめてte hajimeteNot until; only after [x] did I

159

だけでなくdake de nakuNot only… but also

160

とは限らないtowa kagiranaiNot necessarily so; is not always true

161

わけにはいかないwake niwa ikanaiMust not; cannot afford to; must~

162

ようとしないyou to shinaiNot try to; not make an effort to~

163

あまりにもamari ni moToo…; so much… that; excessively~

164

わけがないwake ga naiThere is no way that~

165

たとたんta totanAs soon as; just as

166

は別としてwa betsu toshiteAside from; whether or not~

167

に慣れるni nareruTo be used to something

168

もしも〜たらmoshimo~taraIf; in the case; supposing~

169

てもかまわないtemo kamawanaiIt doesn't matter if ~

170

べきではないbeki dewa naiShould not do~; must not do~

171

は～で有名wa~de yuumeiFamous for~

172

ふりをするfuri o suruTo pretend; to act as if~

173

てはいけないからte wa ikenai karaIn order to not~

174

て済むte sumuSufficient by; resolve by~

175

てからでないとte kara de nai toMust first do; cannot do without~

176

を込めてo kometeFilled with; full of

177

一方だippou daMore and more; continue to

178

てもしょうがないtemo shou ga naiThere's no point to~; it's no use to~

179

ても始まらないtemo hajimaranaiEven if you... it’s no use;

180

ている場合じゃないteiru baai janaiThis is no time to be doing~

181

てしょうがないte shou ga naiCan't help but~; very; extremely

182

数量 + はsuuryou + waAt least