This pattern means something is done instead of X, or someone acts on behalf of X. It often appears in formal or written contexts, like announcements, business notices, or narratives. For example, a substitute teacher, a proxy vote, or a robot doing a human's job.

You can also use it to say 'in place of' a physical object or abstract concept, like 'instead of using a pen, use a keyboard.' In speech, it might sound a bit stiff; 'no kawari ni' is a more casual option. But にかわって is standard in news and workplace announcements.

Remember, the noun right before に is the one being replaced or represented. If you want to say 'A instead of B', B is the noun before にかわって. The verb of the main action follows.