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JLPT N5 grammar

All 80 N5 grammar points, numbered in the order you’ll actually meet them — each with how to form it, a clear explanation, examples and a quick check.

Try: ている · because · たら · even if

Grammar of the day · JLPT N5
を

Object marker particle


I eat an apple.
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JLPT N5 in learning order · 80

N5N4N3N2N1
1
からkaraBecause; since; from
 2
か〜かka~kaOr
 3
ているte iruOngoing action or current state
 4
のでnodeBecause of; given that; since
 5
は〜より・・・ですwa ~yori... desu[A] is more ~ than [B]
 6
だ・ですda / desuTo be (am, is, are, were, used to)
 7
でもdemoBut; however
 8
までmadeUntil ~; as far as ~; to (an extent); even ~
 9
のですno desuTo explain something; show emphasis
 10
なるnaruTo become
 11
もうmouAlready; anymore; again; other
 12
だけdakeOnly; just; as much as
 13
たいtaiWant to do something
 14
じゃない・ではないjanai / dewa naiTo not be (am not; is not; are not)
 15
しかしshikashiBut; however
 16
だろうdarouI think; it seems; probably; right?
 17
まだmadaStill; not yet
 18
前にmae niBefore ~; in front of ~
 19
でしょうdeshouI think; it seems; probably; right?
 20
ときtokiWhen; at this time
 21
んですndesuTo explain something; show emphasis
 22
けれどもkeredo moBut; however; although
 23
ないでnaideWithout doing~ ; To do [B] without doing [A]
 24
てあるte aruIs/has been done (resulting state)
 25
てからte karaAfter doing~
 26
どうしてdoushiteWhy; for what reason; how
 27
一緒にissho niTogether
 28
どんなdonnaWhat kind of; what sort of
 29
たり〜たりtari~tariDo such things as A and B
 30
ましょうmashouLet's ~; shall we ~
 31
ませんかmasen kaWould you; do you want to; shall we~
 32
よyoYou know; emphasis (ending particle)
 33
やyaAnd; or; connecting particle
 34
はwa - topic markerTopic marker
 35
とtoAnd; with; as; connecting particle
 36
をo / woObject marker particle
 37
の中で[A]が一番no naka de [A] ga ichibanOut of this group, [A] is best
 38
のnoPossessive particle
 39
に/へni/eTo (indicates direction / destination)
 40
にniDestination particle; in; at; on; to
 41
ねneIsn't it? right? eh?
 42
な-adjectivesna-adjectivesNa-adjectives
 43
もmoToo; also; as well
 44
方kataThe way of doing something; how to do
 45
かkaQuestion particle
 46
い-adjectivesi-adjectivesI-adjectives
 47
がgaSubject marker; however; but
 48
でdeIn; at; on; by; with; via
 49
いつもitsumoAlways; usually; habitually
 50
つもりtsumoriPlan to ~; intend to ~
 51
にするni suruTo decide on
 52
一番ichibanThe most; the best
 53
なあnaaSentence ending particle; confirmation; admiration, etc
 54
とてもtotemoVery; awfully; exceedingly
 55
てくださいte kudasaiPlease do
 56
がありますga arimasuThere is; is (non-living things)
 57
たことがあるta koto ga aruTo have done something before
 58
けどkedoBut; however; although
 59
ましょうかmashoukaShall I ~; used to offer help to the listener
 60
すぎるsugiruToo much
 61
てはいけないte wa ikenaiMust not; may not; cannot
 62
なくちゃnakuchaMust do; need to; gotta do
 63
なくてはならないnakute wa naranaiMust do; need to do
 64
にいくni ikuGo to do
 65
ちゃいけない・じゃいけないcha ikenai / ja ikenaiMust not do (spoken Japanese)
 66
ほうがいいhou ga iiHad better; it'd be better to; should~
 67
なくてもいいnaku temo iiDon't have to
 68
がいますga imasuThere is; to be; is (living things)
 69
のが好きno ga sukiTo like doing something
 70
より〜ほうがyori ~hou ga[A] is more than [B]
 71
がほしいga hoshiiTo want something
 72
ないでくださいnaide kudasaiPlease don't do
 73
をくださいo kudasaiPlease give me~
 74
まだ〜ていませんmada ~te imasenHave not yet
 75
のが上手no ga jouzuTo be good at
 76
はどうですかwa dou desu kaHow about; how is
 77
なくてはいけないnakute wa ikenaiMust do; need to do
 78
てもいいですtemo ii desuIs OK to..; is alright to..; may I..?
 79
のが下手no ga hetaTo be bad at doing something
 80
どうやってdouyatteHow; in what way; by what means

Pairs learners mix up

Each lesson explains the difference — click a pair.

ている vs. てあるN5 · ongoing action or current stateだ vs. です vs. であるN5 · to be (am, is, are, were, used to)でしょう vs. 〜でしょう (as a question) vs. かもしれませんN5 · I think; it seems; probably; right?とき vs. ながらN5 · when; at this timeてから vs. あとでN5 · after doing~にする vs. ことにするN5 · to decide onとても vs. すごくN5 · very; awfully; exceedinglyてください vs てもいいですかN5 · please do
道The Grammar PathEvery point from N5 to N1, one step at a time. 試JLPT practice testsSee how ready you are for the exam. AIGrammar help in Claude“Explain はおろか. Use Nihoner.”

Questions

How many grammar points are on Nihoner?

831: 80 N5, 131 N4, 182 N3, 195 N2, 243 N1. Each has its own lesson with formation, explanation, examples and a quick check.

In what order should I learn Japanese grammar?

Level by level, and inside each level by how often a pattern really appears. Nihoner counted every pattern in 13 million characters of real Japanese, so you meet ている long before rarer forms. Follow the Grammar Path.

Which JLPT level should I start with?

N5 if you are new. Not sure? The 5-minute placement test tells you.

How do I remember grammar?

Check yourself with the 3 quick questions on each page, write one sentence of your own, and save the point — Nihoner tracks how well you know each one and shows you what to review.