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じゃない
N3 GRAMMAR ⏱ 0s study 📖 0 today
janai
maybe; most likely; confirmation
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🃏 Flashcard
じゃない
janai
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maybe; most likely; confirmation
N3
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📊 Pattern Stats
JLPT Level N3
Intermediate · Expressing nuance & contrast
Reading janai
Post ID 50846
Patterns today 0
0 / 10 daily goal
📝 Usage Notes

maybe; most likely; confirmation

📖 How to use it

Expresses uncertainty or a guess with a confirming tone, meaning 'maybe' or 'isn't it?'

Attaches to Attaches to the plain form of verbs, adjectives, or nouns (including な-adjective stems) as in 行くじゃない, 高いじゃない, 学生じゃない. Note: for nouns and な-adjectives, it's じゃない directly after the stem.

This pattern turns a statement into a guess or assumption that you're fairly confident about but not certain. It's often used when you're seeking agreement or confirmation from the listener, similar to saying 'I bet it's...' or 'Isn't it...?' in English. For example, if you see a friend with a new phone, you might say '高いじゃない?' (That must have been expensive, right?)

The nuance is softer than a direct guess like でしょう, and it often implies you've already inferred something from the situation. It's conversational and friendly, so avoid using it in formal writing or polite speech. In casual talk, you might hear it with a rising intonation to invite the other person's response.

Be careful: this is not the same as じゃない (with falling intonation) which means 'is not'. The meaning here depends heavily on intonation and context, so listen for the rising tone that signals a question or guess.

明日は雪じゃない?
Ashita wa yuki janai?
It's going to snow tomorrow, isn't it?
彼はまだ来ないじゃない。
Kare wa mada konai janai.
He's probably not coming yet, right?
このケーキ、おいしいじゃない?
Kono keeki, oishii janai?
This cake is delicious, isn't it?
Not じゃない (negative form) vs じゃないか When じゃない is used as a negative ('is not'), it ends with falling intonation and states a fact. When it means 'maybe/confirmation', it's used with rising intonation and implies a guess. Also, じゃないか is more formal and often used in writing or male speech, while this pattern is casual and gender-neutral.
Register Casual, conversational. Best used with friends or people you're on familiar terms with, not in formal or business settings.
🎯 Quick Quiz
What does this grammar pattern mean or do?
じゃない
📚 How to Master This Pattern
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Say It Aloud
Press Hear it and repeat じゃない three times. Feel the rhythm — grammar patterns have a natural flow.
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Flip Before Reading
Always try to recall the usage before flipping the card. Struggle = learning. Every failed recall makes the next one stick harder.
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Write Two Sentences
Compose two original sentences using じゃない. One about yourself, one about something you see right now.
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Spaced Review
Save this pattern and revisit at 10 min, 1 day, 3 days. Production (writing) beats recognition for grammar.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
What does the grammar pattern じゃない mean? ▼
Maybe; most likely; confirmation
What JLPT level is じゃない? ▼
Nihoner currently groups this pattern under JLPT N3 — Intermediate · Expressing nuance & contrast. Use the level label as study guidance rather than a prediction of what will appear on an exam.
How do you use じゃない in a sentence? ▼
Attach じゃない (janai) to the appropriate verb or noun form as described in the usage notes. Then try writing two original sentences — one about yourself and one about something around you.
Is じゃない formal or casual Japanese? ▼
じゃない is used in both casual and polite contexts. It appears frequently in everyday conversation, textbooks, and simple written materials.
How can I remember じゃない long-term? ▼
Use the flashcard on this page for active recall — see the pattern, reconstruct the usage from memory, then flip. Follow with the 4-choice quiz to distinguish it from similar patterns. Review later the same day and again over the following days. Writing original sentences can help you practise using the pattern in context.