JLPT Grammar — 800+ Japanese Patterns
Browse N5–N1 grammar structures with Japanese patterns, romaji & usage notes · filter by level · save patterns · exam-ready.
N5
N4
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N2
N1
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🔊 Romaji
📝 Usage Notes
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〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected
そうだ
sou da [1]
I heard that; it is said that
N4
とか（で）
toka (de)
I heard that~
N2
ということだ
to iu koto da
I heard; it means~; in other words~
N3
と聞いた
to kiita
I heard...
N4
だろう
darou
I think; it seems; probably; right?
N5
でしょう
deshou
I think; it seems; probably; right?
N5
つもりだった
tsumori datta
I thought I~; I believe I did~
N3
てほしい
te hoshii
I want you to; need you to~
N4
とは
towa
I was surprised that; the fact that ~
N1
かしら
ka shira
I wonder
N4
かな
kana
I wonder; should I?
N4
のやら / ものやら /ことやら
no yara / mono yara/ koto yara
I wonder..; unsure; I don’t know ~
N1
い-adjectives
i-adjectives
i-adjectives
N5
てみせる
te miseru
I’ll do my best; I'll show you ~
N1
てよかった
te yokatta
I’m glad that..
N4
てすみません
te sumimasen
I’m sorry for
N4
に違いない
ni chigai nai
I’m sure/ certain; no doubt that
N3
ものなら
mono nara
if [A] is possible, then [B]
N2
たら〜たで
tara~tade
if / in the case... of course / should ~
N1
ても知らない
temo shiranai
if continue... you'll end up / I don't care
N1
とあれば
to areba
if it is the case that; if ~
N1
ていては
te ite wa
if one keeps doing~
N2
ものを
mono o
if only (regret)
N1
さえ～ば
sae~ba
if only; as long as
N3
それなら
sore nara
if that’s the case; if so~
N2
に言わせれば
ni iwasereba
if you ask; if one may say ~
N1
たら最後 / たが最後
tara saigo / taga saigo
if you do... negative result
N1
たら
tara
if, after, when
N4
なら
nara
if; in the case that ~
N4
もしも〜たら
moshimo~tara
if; in the case; supposing~
N3
たら〜ところだ
tara~tokoro da
if... (counterfactual), then would be ~
N1
ばそれまでだ /たらそれまでだ
ba sore made da / tara sore made da
if… then it’s over
N1
ようでは
you dewa
if~ (bad result)
N2
はそっちのけで /をそっちのけで
wa socchinoke de / o socchinoke de
ignoring (one thing) for (another)
N1
いかんだ / いかんでは/ いかんによっては
ikan da / ikan dewa / ikan ni yotte wa
in accordance with; depending on ~
N1
に加えて
ni kuwaete
in addition
N2
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❓ Frequently Asked Questions
How many JLPT grammar patterns are on this page? ▼
Over 800 grammar patterns covering all five JLPT levels from N5 to N1. Each card shows the Japanese pattern structure, romaji reading and usage notes explaining when and how to use it.
What do the JLPT levels mean for grammar? ▼
N5 grammar (around 60 patterns) covers basic forms like て-form, ます-form and simple particles. N4 adds more conjunctions. N3 introduces more complex clausal structures. N2 and N1 cover formal, literary and nuanced expressions used in academic and written Japanese.
How should I learn a new grammar pattern? ▼
First, read the usage notes to understand the meaning and context. Then look at the romaji to confirm pronunciation. Finally, write 2–3 example sentences with vocabulary you already know. Active production makes the pattern stick far better than passive review.
Can I save grammar patterns for review? ▼
Yes — click the ♡ heart on any card (free account required). Your saved patterns appear in your Saved Grammar page for repeated drilling during exam prep.
What is the difference between similar patterns like 〜ても and 〜のに? ▼
〜ても means "even if / even though" and is neutral in tone. 〜のに implies a sense of disappointment or contrast — the speaker expected a different result. Understanding these nuances is key for N3 and above, and the usage notes on each card explain the difference.