JLPT Grammar — 800+ Japanese Patterns
Browse N5–N1 grammar structures with Japanese patterns, romaji & usage notes · filter by level · save patterns · exam-ready.
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
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🔊 Romaji
📝 Usage Notes
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〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected
かい
kai
turns a sentence into a yes/no question
N4
かねる
kaneru
unable to do something; can’t do~
N2
切れない
kirenai
unable to do; too much to finish
N3
とも〜とも
tomo~tomo
unable to draw a conclusion/ judge
N1
得ない
enai
unable to; cannot; it is not possible to~
N2
の下で
no moto de
under; with~
N2
ないことには～ない
nai koto niwa~nai
unless you~
N2
とは打って変わって/ とは打って変わり
towa utte kawatte / to wa utte kawari
unlike; very different from ~
N1
まで
made
until ~; as far as ~; to (an extent); even ~
N5
上で
ue de
upon; after; when; for; in order to
N3
たものだ
ta mono da
used to do; would often do
N3
の極み
no kiwami
utmost; extremely ~
N1
の至り
no itari
utmost; extremely ~
N1
こと
koto
Verb nominalizer
N4
がたい
gatai
very difficult to; impossible to
N3
そうもない
sou mo nai
very unlikely to~; showing no signs of~
N3
とても
totemo
very; awfully; exceedingly
N5
よほど / よっぽど
yohodo / yoppodo
very; greatly; much; to a large extent
N2
意向形
ikou kei
volitional form; let's do ~
N4
たい
tai
want to do something
N5
たがる
tagaru
wants to do~ (third person)
N4
ていた
te ita
was doing something (past continuous)
N4
ところだった
tokoro datta
was just about to do something
N2
いわゆる
iwayuru
what is called; as it is called; so-called
N2
どんな
donna
what kind of; what sort of
N5
たらいいですか
tara ii desu ka
what should I do?; seeking instruction
N4
にかかっては /にかかったら / にかかると / かかれば
ni kakatte wa / ni kakattara / ni kakaru to / kakareba
when handled by (N), becomes a different result
N1
に至っては
ni ittate wa
when it comes to; as for ~
N1
ときたら
tokitara
when it comes to; concerning ~
N1
となると / となれば
to naru to / to nareba
when it comes to; in such a case
N1
際に
sai ni
when; at the time of; in the case of
N3
折に
ori ni
when; at the time; on the occasion ~
N1
とき
toki
when; at this time
N5
と
to
whenever [A] happens, [B] also happens
N4
たびに
tabi ni
whenever; every time
N3
ては / では
tewa / dewa
whenever; if; when~; repetitive action
N2
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❓ Frequently Asked Questions
How many JLPT grammar patterns are on this page? ▼
Over 800 grammar patterns covering all five JLPT levels from N5 to N1. Each card shows the Japanese pattern structure, romaji reading and usage notes explaining when and how to use it.
What do the JLPT levels mean for grammar? ▼
N5 grammar (around 60 patterns) covers basic forms like て-form, ます-form and simple particles. N4 adds more conjunctions. N3 introduces more complex clausal structures. N2 and N1 cover formal, literary and nuanced expressions used in academic and written Japanese.
How should I learn a new grammar pattern? ▼
First, read the usage notes to understand the meaning and context. Then look at the romaji to confirm pronunciation. Finally, write 2–3 example sentences with vocabulary you already know. Active production makes the pattern stick far better than passive review.
Can I save grammar patterns for review? ▼
Yes — click the ♡ heart on any card (free account required). Your saved patterns appear in your Saved Grammar page for repeated drilling during exam prep.
What is the difference between similar patterns like 〜ても and 〜のに? ▼
〜ても means "even if / even though" and is neutral in tone. 〜のに implies a sense of disappointment or contrast — the speaker expected a different result. Understanding these nuances is key for N3 and above, and the usage notes on each card explain the difference.