JLPT Grammar — 800+ Japanese Patterns
Browse N5–N1 grammar structures with Japanese patterns, romaji & usage notes · filter by level · save patterns · exam-ready.
N5
N4
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N1
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〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected〜ている te-iru · ongoing action〜てから te-kara · after doing〜たり〜たり tari tari · things like…〜ば -ba · conditional if〜ても -te mo · even if〜のに no ni · despite / for〜ために tame ni · in order to〜ように you ni · so that / to become〜らしい rashii · seems / apparently〜そうだ sou da · looks like / I heard〜ながら nagara · while doing〜さえ sae · even / as long as〜だけでなく dake de naku · not only…but〜によって ni yotte · by / depending on〜に対して ni taishite · towards / regarding〜わけではない wake de wa nai · it doesn't mean that〜にしては ni shite wa · for / considering〜ことにする koto ni suru · decide to〜ことになる koto ni naru · it's been decided〜ばかり bakari · just / only / nothing but〜かねない kane nai · might / could〜てしまう te shimau · end up doing / unfortunately〜はずだ hazu da · supposed to / expected
であれ〜であれ
de are~de are
whether [A] or [B]
N1
かどうか
ka dou ka
whether or not
N4
か否か
ka ina ka
whether or not ~
N1
ようか～まいか
you ka~mai ka
whether or not; considering options
N2
にしろ～にしろ
ni shiro~ni shiro
whether… or~
N2
あっての
atte no
which can exist solely due to
N1
反面
hanmen
while, although; on the other hand
N2
ついでに
tsuide ni
while, incidentally, at the same time
N3
がてら
gatera
while; at the same time; coincidentally
N1
かたわら
katawara
while; at the same time; in addition
N1
かたがた
katagata
while; at the same time; incidentally ~
N1
うちに
uchi ni
while; before~
N3
ながら
nagara
while; during; as; simultaneously
N4
間
aida
while; during; between
N4
最中に
saichuu ni
while; during; in the middle of
N3
つつ
tsutsu
while; even though; despite~
N2
ながらに / ながらの
nagara ni/no
while; without change
N1
間に
aida ni
while/during~ something happened
N4
であれ / であろうと
de are / de arou to
whoever; whatever; however; even ~
N1
たらどう
tara dou
why don't you
N4
どうして
doushite
why; for what reason; how
N5
まい
mai
will not; intend not to
N2
以外
igai
with the exception of; excepting
N2
つもりで
tsumori de
with the intention of doing~
N3
を前提として
o zentei toshite
with the intention to; on the condition
N1
に相違ない
ni soui nai
without a doubt; certain; sure
N2
もかまわず
mo kamawazu
without caring; without worrying
N2
ことなしに
koto nashi ni
without doing something
N1
ことなく
koto naku
without doing something even once
N2
ないで
naide
without doing~ ; To do [B] without doing [A]
N5
ずに
zuni
without doing~
N3
もしないで
mo shinai de
without even doing ~
N1
抜きにして
nuki ni shite
without; leaving out; cutting out~
N2
なしに / なしで
nashi ni / nashi de
without; without doing ~
N1
に耐える / に耐えない
ni taeru / ni taenai
worth doing; cannot bear doing ~
N1
ば～のに
ba~noni
would have; should have; if only~
N3
Page 23 of 24 · JLPT: All · 793–828 of 831
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❓ Frequently Asked Questions
How many JLPT grammar patterns are on this page? ▼
Over 800 grammar patterns covering all five JLPT levels from N5 to N1. Each card shows the Japanese pattern structure, romaji reading and usage notes explaining when and how to use it.
What do the JLPT levels mean for grammar? ▼
N5 grammar (around 60 patterns) covers basic forms like て-form, ます-form and simple particles. N4 adds more conjunctions. N3 introduces more complex clausal structures. N2 and N1 cover formal, literary and nuanced expressions used in academic and written Japanese.
How should I learn a new grammar pattern? ▼
First, read the usage notes to understand the meaning and context. Then look at the romaji to confirm pronunciation. Finally, write 2–3 example sentences with vocabulary you already know. Active production makes the pattern stick far better than passive review.
Can I save grammar patterns for review? ▼
Yes — click the ♡ heart on any card (free account required). Your saved patterns appear in your Saved Grammar page for repeated drilling during exam prep.
What is the difference between similar patterns like 〜ても and 〜のに? ▼
〜ても means "even if / even though" and is neutral in tone. 〜のに implies a sense of disappointment or contrast — the speaker expected a different result. Understanding these nuances is key for N3 and above, and the usage notes on each card explain the difference.