次第
shidai
As soon as, dependent upon
次第 expresses 'as soon as' after a verb or 'depends on' after a noun, indicating immediate action or dependence on a condition.
How to form it
After the ます-stem of a verb (e.g., 着き次第) to mean 'as soon as', or after a noun (e.g., あなた次第) to mean 'depends on'. Do not attach to the dictionary form or て-form.
What it means
When 次第 follows a ます-stem (the form before ます), it means 'as soon as' or 'right after' something happens. It emphasizes that the second action occurs immediately after the first event is completed. This is common in formal or business contexts, such as reporting progress or giving instructions. For example, 資料ができ次第、送ります means 'I will send it as soon as the materials are ready.' It sounds more polite and formal than using たら or とすぐに.
When 次第 follows a noun, it means 'depends on' or 'is up to'. For example, 成功するかどうかは努力次第だ means 'Whether we succeed depends on our effort.' This usage is also somewhat formal but common in both speaking and writing. The noun can be a person (like あなた) or a thing (like 天気).
Note that 次第 is not used in casual conversation as often as in formal speech. In casual settings, you would use すぐに or によって決まる instead.
Example sentences
新しい製品ができ次第、ご連絡いたします。
Atarashii seihin ga deki shidai, go-renraku itashimasu.
As soon as the new product is ready, I will contact you.
会議が終わり次第、駅に向かいます。
Kaigi ga owari shidai, eki ni mukaimasu.
As soon as the meeting ends, I will head to the station.
明日の天気次第で、ピクニックに行くか決めます。
Ashita no tenki shidai de, pikunikku ni iku ka kimemasu.
Whether we go on the picnic depends on tomorrow's weather.
Don’t confuse it with
〜たとたん(に)
〜たとたん(に) means 'the moment something happened' and is used for unexpected or surprising events that occurred immediately after, often with a sense of surprise. 次第 indicates a planned or expected sequence, and is not used for past events that happened suddenly. For example, 家を出たとたん、雨が降り出した (The moment I left home, it started raining) cannot be replaced with 次第.
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次第 is formal and often used in business or written communication; in casual speech, it sounds stiff, so use たら or すぐに instead.
Next in the N2 path
21Questions
What does 次第 mean?
As soon as, dependent upon. 次第 expresses 'as soon as' after a verb or 'depends on' after a noun, indicating immediate action or dependence on a condition.
How do you form 次第?
After the ます-stem of a verb (e.g., 着き次第) to mean 'as soon as', or after a noun (e.g., あなた次第) to mean 'depends on'. Do not attach to the dictionary form or て-form.
Example of 次第 in a sentence
新しい製品ができ次第、ご連絡いたします。 — As soon as the new product is ready, I will contact you.
〜たとたん(に) — what is the difference?
〜たとたん(に) means 'the moment something happened' and is used for unexpected or surprising events that occurred immediately after, often with a sense of surprise. 次第 indicates a planned or expected sequence, and is not used for past events that happened suddenly. For example, 家を出たとたん、雨が降り出した (The moment I left home, it started raining) cannot be replaced with 次第.
What JLPT level is 次第?
JLPT N2 (upper intermediate), number 20 of 195 in Nihoner's learning order for N2.
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