表層形
以下
イカ
名詞
以下 (イカ)
Ika · いか — not exceeding ..., not more than ..., ... and under, ... and below, ... or fewer; below (a standard, level, etc.), under, beneath, less than; the following, the below-mentioned, the rest, followed by ...
Other ways to say “not exceeding” in Japanese →
以下 in rōmaji: ika.
名詞
普通名詞
一般
*
🔤 * 📐 *
Updated: 2026年8月10日
📖 Grammar Information
| 表層形 (Surface) |
以下
|
|---|---|
| 読み (Reading) |
イカ
|
| 品詞 (POS) |
名詞・普通名詞・一般・*
|
| 活用型 (Conj. Type) |
*
|
| 活用形 (Conj. Form) |
*
|
| 表記 (Orthography) |
以下
|
| 読み・基本形 |
イカ
|
| 表記・基本形 |
以下
|
| 見出し語の読み |
イカ
|
💡 English Meaning
以下 means “not exceeding ..., not more than ..., ... and under, ... and below, ... or fewer; below (a standard, level, etc.), under, beneath, less than; the following, the below-mentioned, the rest, followed by ...” — full definition & examples →
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以下
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Reading & Info
イカ
名詞普通名詞一般*
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Did you know · 名詞
名詞 (nouns) are the backbone of Japanese sentences. They can be combined with particles like が, を, に, で to indicate grammatical role.
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❓ About this entry
What is the difference between surface form and lemma? ▼
The surface form (以下) is the exact text as it appeared in the corpus — it may be conjugated or inflected. The lemma (以下) is the dictionary base form. For example, 食べた (surface) has the lemma 食べる.
What does the reading (pron) field mean? ▼
The reading shows the pronunciation in hiragana or katakana as recorded by UniDic. For kanji entries this is the standard reading of this specific surface form — which may differ from other readings of the same kanji.
What is UniDic? ▼
UniDic is a comprehensive Japanese lexicon developed by the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL). It provides detailed morphological information for modern Japanese words, used in NLP tools like MeCab.
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