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By Means Of

On’yomi
Kun’yomiもっ.て
MeaningsBy Means Of, Because, In View Of, Compared With
JLPT N4 5 strokes #125 most common Grade 4 Radical man
書き順 · Stroke order

How to write 以

Stroke order is not decoration — it determines how the character looks handwritten and how dictionaries index it.

5 strokes
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分解 · What it is made of

The parts of 以

Almost every kanji is built from a small set of reusable parts. Learn the parts once and you stop memorising thousands of unrelated shapes.

radical person =
By Means Of
Why it sounds the way it does. The part 3+6+1 is the phonetic component — it carries the sound rather than the meaning. That is why 以 is read . Roughly two-thirds of all kanji work this way, which makes unfamiliar readings guessable once you spot the pattern.
部首 · Radical

The radical of 以

Radical 9 of 214
Man

The radical is the part a paper dictionary files a kanji under, and it usually hints at meaning. 以 is filed under (man) — radical number 9 of the 214 in the Kangxi system.

Other kanji built on 人

練習 · Practice

Drill 以 right now

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By Means Of い もっ.て
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熟語 · In real words

Words that use 以

Kanji are almost never met alone. These are the most common words built from this character, ordered by how often they actually appear in Japanese.

以来 いらい since; henceforth; ever since
以内 いない within; inside of; less than
以前 いぜん before; prior to; ago
以下 いか not exceeding ...; not more than ...; ... and under
以後 いご after this; from now on; hereafter
以上 いじょう not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above
以降 いこう on and after; from ... onward; since
以外 いがい excluding; except (for); apart from
前以て まえもって in advance; beforehand; previously
前以って まえもって in advance; beforehand; previously
名乗り · Name readings

How 以 is read in names

Japanese names use readings that appear nowhere else in the language. These are 以's — the reason personal and place names are so hard to read even for native speakers.

もち
同音 · Sound-alikes

Kanji that sound like 以

Japanese has far more kanji than syllables, so one reading is shared by many characters. These are the ones you will confuse with 以 — learn them together, not separately.

画数 · 5 strokes

Other 5-stroke kanji

Useful when looking a character up by stroke count — and a common source of visual mix-ups.

頻度 · Frequency

Next in the frequency list

以 is the 125th most common kanji in written Japanese. Learning in frequency order is the fastest route to reading real text.

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質問 · Questions

About the kanji 以

What does the kanji 以 mean?

以 means By Means Of, Because, In View Of, Compared With. It is the 125th most common kanji in written Japanese.

How do you read the kanji 以?

以 is read on'yomi (Chinese-derived) い; kun'yomi (native Japanese) もっ.て.

How many strokes does 以 have?

以 is written with 5 strokes. The animated diagram on this page shows the correct order.

What level is the kanji 以?

It appears at JLPT level N4, and Japanese schoolchildren learn it in grade 4.

What is the radical of 以?

The radical of 以 is 人 (man), radical number 9 of the 214 Kangxi radicals. The radical is the component a dictionary files the character under, and it usually points at the character's meaning.

Why is 以 read い?

以 contains 3+6+1 as its phonetic component — the part that carries the sound rather than the meaning, which is why 以 is read い. Roughly two-thirds of all kanji are built this way, so spotting the phonetic component often lets you guess the reading of a character you have never seen.

What words use the kanji 以?

Common words written with 以 include 以来 (いらい, since; henceforth; ever since); 以内 (いない, within; inside of; less than); 以前 (いぜん, before; prior to; ago).

Which kanji sound the same as 以?

以 shares a reading with 意 (い), 委 (い), 位 (い), 違 (い), 医 (い), among others. Same-sounding kanji are one of the most common sources of confusion in Japanese.

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