にかかっている
🃏 Flashcard
にかかっている
ni kakatteiru
Tap to reveal usage
depending on ~
N1
Tap to test your recall · +10 XP
📊 Pattern Stats
JLPT Level
N1
Advanced · Literary, rhetorical & rare forms
Reading
ni kakatteiru
Post ID
51304
Patterns today
0
0 / 10 daily goal
📝 Usage Notes
depending on ~
📖 How to use it
Expresses that something depends on or is up to someone or something, often with a sense of responsibility or contingency.
Attaches to
Attach to a noun (person, thing, or abstract concept) + に: [noun] にかかっている.
This pattern says that the outcome or success of a situation hinges on the noun that precedes に. It often carries a weighty tone, implying that the result is not yet decided and that the noun holds the key. You'll hear it in discussions about plans, success, or life decisions, where the speaker wants to emphasize that control lies elsewhere or with someone else.
試合の結果は、明日の天気にかかっている。
Shiai no kekka wa, ashita no tenki ni kakatte iru.
The outcome of the match depends on tomorrow's weather.
このプロジェクトが成功するかどうかは、君のリーダーシップにかかっている。
Kono purojekuto ga seikou suru ka dou ka wa, kimi no ridaashippu ni kakatte iru.
Whether this project succeeds or not depends on your leadership.
彼の将来は、今の決断にかかっている。
Kare no shourai wa, ima no ketsudan ni kakatte iru.
His future hinges on the decision he makes now.
Not による / 次第だ
による is more objective and often used in writing (e.g., result depends on effort), while 次第だ is more conversational and often follows a verb stem (e.g., やり方次第だ). にかかっている is more dramatic and emphasizes that the responsibility or fate lies with the noun.
Register
Neutral but slightly formal; common in spoken Japanese, especially in serious discussions or explanations.
🎯 Quick Quiz
What does this grammar pattern mean or do?
にかかっている
📚 How to Master This Pattern
Say It Aloud
Press Hear it and repeat にかかっている three times. Feel the rhythm — grammar patterns have a natural flow.
Flip Before Reading
Always try to recall the usage before flipping the card. Struggle = learning. Every failed recall makes the next one stick harder.
Write Two Sentences
Compose two original sentences using にかかっている. One about yourself, one about something you see right now.
Spaced Review
Save this pattern and revisit at 10 min, 1 day, 3 days. Production (writing) beats recognition for grammar.
🔗 More JLPT N1 Patterns
← Previous
にかかっては /にかかったら / にかかると / かかれば
when handled by (N), becomes a different result
Next →
にかこつけて
to use as a pretext; to use as an excuse
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
What does the grammar pattern にかかっている mean?
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Depending on ~
What JLPT level is にかかっている?
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Nihoner currently groups this pattern under JLPT N1 — Advanced · Literary, rhetorical & rare forms. Use the level label as study guidance rather than a prediction of what will appear on an exam.
How do you use にかかっている in a sentence?
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Attach にかかっている (ni kakatteiru) to the appropriate verb or noun form as described in the usage notes. Then try writing two original sentences — one about yourself and one about something around you.
Is にかかっている formal or casual Japanese?
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にかかっている is used in formal or written contexts. You will see it mainly in written texts, news, business Japanese and academic contexts.
How can I remember にかかっている long-term?
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Use the flashcard on this page for active recall — see the pattern, reconstruct the usage from memory, then flip. Follow with the 4-choice quiz to distinguish it from similar patterns. Review later the same day and again over the following days. Writing original sentences can help you practise using the pattern in context.