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Hard Up

On’yomiきゅう・きょう
Kun’yomiきわ.める・きわ.まる・きわ.まり・きわ.み
MeaningsHard Up, Destitute, Suffer, Perplexed, Cornered
JLPT N1 15 strokes #1708 most common Secondary school Radical cave
書き順 · Stroke order

How to write 窮

Stroke order is not decoration — it determines how the character looks handwritten and how dictionaries index it.

15 strokes
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分解 · What it is made of

The parts of 窮

Almost every kanji is built from a small set of reusable parts. Learn the parts once and you stop memorising thousands of unrelated shapes.

Why it sounds the way it does. The part is the phonetic component — it carries the sound rather than the meaning. That is why 窮 is read きゅう. Roughly two-thirds of all kanji work this way, which makes unfamiliar readings guessable once you spot the pattern.
部首 · Radical

The radical of 窮

Radical 116 of 214
Cave

The radical is the part a paper dictionary files a kanji under, and it usually hints at meaning. 窮 is filed under (cave) — radical number 116 of the 214 in the Kangxi system.

Other kanji built on 穴

練習 · Practice

Drill 窮 right now

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Hard Up きゅう・きょう きわ.める・きわ.まる・きわ.まり・きわ.み
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熟語 · In real words

Words that use 窮

Kanji are almost never met alone. These are the most common words built from this character, ordered by how often they actually appear in Japanese.

窮極 きゅうきょく ultimate; final; last
窮地 きゅうち dilemma; predicament
窮状 きゅうじょう distress; wretched condition
窮屈 きゅうくつ narrow; tight; cramped
困窮 こんきゅう poverty; need; destitution
窮み きわみ height; acme; extremity
窮まり無い きわまりない extremely; in the extreme; knows no bounds (e.g. rudeness)
窮まりない きわまりない extremely; in the extreme; knows no bounds (e.g. rudeness)
窮める きわめる to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to reach the limits of something
窮乏 きゅうぼう poverty; destitution; privation
同音 · Sound-alikes

Kanji that sound like 窮

Japanese has far more kanji than syllables, so one reading is shared by many characters. These are the ones you will confuse with 窮 — learn them together, not separately.

画数 · 15 strokes

Other 15-stroke kanji

Useful when looking a character up by stroke count — and a common source of visual mix-ups.

頻度 · Frequency

Next in the frequency list

窮 is the 1708th most common kanji in written Japanese. Learning in frequency order is the fastest route to reading real text.

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質問 · Questions

About the kanji 窮

What does the kanji 窮 mean?

窮 means Hard Up, Destitute, Suffer, Perplexed, Cornered. It is the 1708th most common kanji in written Japanese.

How do you read the kanji 窮?

窮 is read on'yomi (Chinese-derived) きゅう、きょう; kun'yomi (native Japanese) きわ.める、きわ.まる、きわ.まり、きわ.み.

How many strokes does 窮 have?

窮 is written with 15 strokes. The animated diagram on this page shows the correct order.

What level is the kanji 窮?

It appears at JLPT level N1, and Japanese schoolchildren learn it in secondary school.

What is the radical of 窮?

The radical of 窮 is 穴 (cave), radical number 116 of the 214 Kangxi radicals. The radical is the component a dictionary files the character under, and it usually points at the character's meaning.

What parts is the kanji 窮 made of?

窮 is built from 穴 (hole) and 躬 (body). Learning kanji as combinations of a few hundred reusable components is far more efficient than memorising each character as a separate shape.

Why is 窮 read きゅう?

窮 contains 躬 as its phonetic component — the part that carries the sound rather than the meaning, which is why 窮 is read きゅう. Roughly two-thirds of all kanji are built this way, so spotting the phonetic component often lets you guess the reading of a character you have never seen.

What words use the kanji 窮?

Common words written with 窮 include 窮極 (きゅうきょく, ultimate; final; last); 窮地 (きゅうち, dilemma; predicament); 窮状 (きゅうじょう, distress; wretched condition).

Which kanji sound the same as 窮?

窮 shares a reading with 九 (きゅう), 京 (きょう), 経 (きょう), 強 (きょう), 協 (きょう), among others. Same-sounding kanji are one of the most common sources of confusion in Japanese.

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