Master the grammar of control and consequence — from being scolded to making your friend laugh.

These forms are everywhere in real Japanese — from office apologies to anime dialogue — yet textbooks skip the subtlety that makes them natural.

By the end

By the end, you'll effortlessly use and understand passive, causative, and causative-passive forms to express being made to, allowed to, and having things done to you — in any context.

Who this is for

For intermediate learners (around JLPT N2) who want to speak with nuance about relationships, obligations, and experiences.