“Cantonment” in Japanese
Short answer
Cantonment in Japanese is “廠舎” (shousha). Full meaning: barracks, cantonment; temporary lodging with roof but no walls (esp. for military exercises).
Other ways to say “Cantonment” in Japanese
宿営地
shukueichi billeting area, cantonment, encampment, étape
陣営
jinei camp (supporters of a doctrine, party, etc.), faction (of a party); military camp, encampment, cantonment
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